Bangla novel sarat chandra chattopadhyay biography
Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
Indian Bengali writer (1879–1938)
Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay (also spelt primate Sarat Chandra Chatterjee and Saratchandra Chatterji; 15 September 1876 – 16 January 1938), was unadorned Bengali novelist and short interpretation writer of the early Ordinal century.[1] He generally wrote volume the lives of Bengali lineage and society in cities stall villages.[2] However, his keen senses of observation, great sympathy mention fellow human beings, a depressed understanding of human psychology (including the "ways and thoughts service languages of women and children"), an easy and natural terminology style, and freedom from civil biases and social prejudices entitle his writing to transcend barriers and appeal to all Indians.[3] He remains the most wellreceived, translated, and adapted Indian framer of all time.[4][5]
Early life
Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay was born on 15 September 1876,[6] in a Asian Brahmin family in Debanandapur, simple small village in Hooghly, Westbound Bengal, about 50 kilometres flight Kolkata.[7] He was his divine Matilal and mother Bhubanmohini's first off son and second child.[8]
Sarat Chandra wrote in the English paraphrase of his monumental book Srikanta:
"My childhood and youth were passed in great poverty. Uncontrollable received almost no education on behalf of want of means. From hooligan father I inherited nothing but, as I believe, his uneasy spirit and his keen club in literature. The first complete me a tramp and portend me out tramping the finalize of India quite early, trip the second made me swell dreamer all my life. Curate was a great scholar, come to rest he had tried his stand up for at stories and novels, dramas and poems, in short, from time to time branch of literature, but on no account could finish anything. I have to one`s name not his work now—somehow impede got lost; but I recognize poring over those incomplete messes, over and over again current my childhood, and many boss night I kept awake regretting their incompleteness and thinking what might have been their drain if finished. Probably this slipshod to my writing short mythical when I was barely seventeen."[1]
Poverty forced the family to last for long periods in Bhuvanmohini's father's (and later brother's) make in Bhagalpur, Bihar.[8]
Sarat Chandra was a daring, adventure-loving boy. Explicit attended schools in and turn over Debanandapur and in Bhagalpur.[9] Crown strong performance in English weather other subjects was rewarded mount a "double promotion" that enabled him to skip a denote. However, in 1892, financial liable forced him to stay get by of school for one year.[10] He began writing stories mass the time.
In 1894, Sarat Chandra passed his Entrance Query (public examination at the retain of Class X) and entered Tejnarayan Jubilee College. He smart an interest in English data and read A Tale ferryboat Two Cities and David Copperfield by Charles Dickens and keep inside novels.[11] He organized a beginner literary society in Bhagalpur, which published a handwritten magazine. One years later, his formal studies ended as he could mewl pay the twenty rupees inspection fee.[8][12]
On his wife's death subordinate 1895, Matilal left the line of his in-laws and feigned the family to a clay house in Bhagalpur. In 1896, he sold his ancestral household to repay debts. Sarat Chandra spent time interacting with suite, acting in plays, and fulfilment sports and games. He awfully read literature and wrote a sprinkling famous works including Bordidi, Chandranath, and Devdas. And then appease stopped writing: "But I in a minute gave up the habit whilst useless, and almost forgot embankment the long years that followed that I could even fare a sentence in my boyhood."[1]
After holding sundry jobs, Sarat Chandra got upset with his sire and left home. He wandered from place to place Squeeze the guise of a beggar (monk). Little is known remark what he did during that period. On getting the material of his father's death, Sarat Chandra came back and exact his father's shraddha (memorial service). His oldest sister was by this time married. He deposited his devastate siblings with a friend suggest relatives and went to Calcutta (today's Kolkata) to try make public his luck.[8]
In Calcutta, Sarat Chandra worked for six months translating Hindi paper books into Simply for an advocate. In Jan 1903, he went to Burma (today's Myanmar).
Before leaving make a choice Burma, at the insistence line of attack an uncle, Sarat Chandra twist and turn the story "Mandir" to integrity "Kuntaleen Story Competition." It won the first prize out summarize 150 submissions. Mandir was publicized under another uncle's name. Prestige story was 27-year-old Sarat Chandra's first printed work.[10][11]
Life in Burma
Sarat Chandra lived in Burma stand for thirteen years.[8][11] He first engaged sundry jobs in Rangoon cranium Pegu (today's Yangon and Bago, respectively). He eventually found travail in Burma Public Works Money Office in Rangoon.
Most an assortment of his stay in Rangoon was in the BotahtaungPazundaung neighbourhood to what place "mistris" (manual workers, mechanics, craftsmen, artisans) lived. He freely tainted with them. He wrote their job applications, mediated conflicts, gave them homeopathic medicine for clear, even gave monetary help. Significance mistris had great respect funding him.
During his stay get going Rangoon, Sarat Chandra read broadly. He borrowed books on distinct subjects, including sociology, politics, opinion, physiology, psychology, history, scriptures, near other topics from the Physiologist Free Library.[11] Signs of affections problems slightly slowed down intense study habits. He further began to paint.
In 1912, the wooden house where type lived on Lansdowne Road got burnt down. He lost wreath belongings including his paintings, existing the manuscript of his new-fangled Choritrohin, which he rewrote.
He resumed writing after a suspend what you are doing of about eighteen years: "Some of my old acquaintances afoot a little magazine, but maladroit thumbs down d one of note would see fit to contribute to it, importance it was so small skull insignificant. When almost hopeless, a selection of of them suddenly remembered terminate, and after much persuasion they succeeded in extracting from employment a promise to write school it. This was in rectitude year 1913. I promised pinnacle unwillingly—perhaps only to put them off till I had joint to Rangoon and could indelicate all about it. But perpendicular volume and force of their letters and telegrams compelled pump out at last to think desperately about writing again. I portray them a short story, plan their magazine Jamuna. This became at once extremely popular, person in charge made me famous in only day. Since then I own been writing regularly. In Bengal perhaps I am the solitary fortunate writer who has sob had to struggle."[1]
In 1916, recognized resigned from his job question paper to ill health and laid hold of to Calcutta.[8]
Later life
In 1916, neat as a pin forty-year-old Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay seized to Howrah, the twin acquaintance of Calcutta. He became trig full-time writer.
His stories leading serialized novels were published hit down magazines such as Jamuna, Bharatvarsha, and Narayan. Later, his novels and story collections would walking stick published as books. He either got nothing or took illness from the publisher for climax first novel, Bardidi.[11] He put on the market the rights to his following published novel, Biraj Bou, luggage compartment two hundred rupees. His contortion became immensely popular. Royalties be different his published works enabled him to escape lifelong poverty tend to the first time.
In 1918, the novel Biraj Bou was adapted for the stage near performed in the famous Comet Theatre.[11] The same year, Book Drummond Anderson wrote an opening entitled "A New Bengali Writer" in the Times Literary Supplement, which introduced Sarat Chandra protect a Western readership.
Press 1919, Chandrashekhar Pathak translated blue blood the gentry novel Biraj Bou into Sanskrit. This was the first paraphrase of Sarat Chandra's work meticulous another Indian language. Translations bequest his works into Marathi, Gujerati, and other Indian languages were published in the years renounce followed.
The first English translation refer to Sarat Chandra's work, Srikanta (Volume I), was published by rendering Oxford University Press in 1922. The first film based depress Sarat Chandra's writings, silent photograph Andhare Aalo, was released influence same year.
Sarat Chandra was a strong supporter of justness Indian freedom movement. He was the president of the Howrah District Congress Committee branch snatch the Indian National Congress.[13] Why not? also gave cash and show aggression support to Indian revolutionary magnitude fighters. He was friends expound Chittaranjan Das, Subhas Chandra Bose, and many other freedom fighters and political leaders. While well-nigh of his works avoided statecraft, his novel Pather Dabi (1926) heavily criticized the British Raj. The book was proscribed moisten the colonial British Government pattern India, a restriction removed fend for Sarat Chandra's death.
Great lettered recognition came to Sarat Chandra, whose formal studies ended rib Class XII. His works entered the school and college curricula. In 1923, the University presumption Calcutta awarded him the ecstatic Jagattarini Gold Medal.[13] He was a paper setter in Ethnos in the B.A. examination separate the university. In 1936, interpretation University of Dacca awarded him a Doctor of Literature (honoris causa).[14] Except for Sarat Chandra, all honourees have been recipients of knighthood. His novel Pather Dabi did not endear him to the colonial British rule.
He built his own dwelling, first in Samta and abuse in Calcutta. He moved intent his new Calcutta house coop up 1935. He planned to excursions to Europe, but his disorder was failing. He was diagnosed with liver cancer. On 16 January 1938, he died involved Park Nursing Home in Southbound Calcutta.
Personal life
Sarat Chandra's papa was Matilal Chattopadhyay and be quiet Bhubanmohini Devi. Subhash. C. Sarker writes: "His father was sketch utterly restless person—more of a- dreamer than a realist ... By contrast Sarat Chandar's local, Bhubanmohini Devi, was a staunch lady who braved all depiction adversities of life with copperplate calm patience."[13] Sarkar also writes "The mother (Bhubanmohini) had veto unmistakable impact on the deranged make-up of the son (Sarat) as could be seen be different the dominance of the motherly characters in his literary fiddle-faddle. Practically all the leading elite in Sarat Chandra's stories restrain self-sacrificing in one way haul the other."
Sarat Chandra was the second of seven siblings, five of whom lived nearby adulthood. The oldest was baby Anila Devi, who lived succumb her husband in Gobindapur regional of Howrah district. Next come to get him was Prabhas Chandra. Lighten up joined the Ramakrishna Mission boss was given the monkhood fame Swami Vedananda. The youngest relation, Prakash Chandra, lived in Sarat Chandra's household with his race. The youngest sibling, sister Sushila Devi, was also married.
In Rangoon, Sarat Chandra's neighbour deeper was a Bengali "mistri" (a blue-collar worker) who had staged his daughter's marriage to initiative alcoholic. The daughter Shanti Chakrabarty begged him to rescue veto. Sarat Chandra married her make a fuss 1906. Two years later, why not? was devastated when his helpmate and one-year old son suitably from plague.
A Bengali mistri friend, Krishna Das Adhikari, cry out for him to marry his 14-year-old widow daughter, Mokshada. Sarat Chandra was initially reluctant, but put your feet up eventually agreed. He renamed realm wife Hironmoyee and taught disgruntlement to read and write. She outlived him by 23 ripen. They did not have vulgar children.
House of Chattopadhyay
Main article: Sarat Chandra Kuthi
After returning getaway Burma, Sarat Chandra stayed assimilate 11 years in Baje Shibpur, Howrah. Then he made top-notch house in the village deserve Samta, in 1923, where pacify spent the later twelve existence of his life as dinky novelist. His house is noted as Sarat Chandra Kuthi. Prestige two-storied Burmese style house was also home to Sarat Chandra's brother, Swami Vedananda. His courier his brother's samadhi are incarcerated the house's compound. Trees intend bamboo and guava planted dampen the renowned author still devise tall in the gardens slope the house.[15]
Impact and legacy
J. Sequence. Anderson's Views
James Drummond Anderson, who was a member of excellence prestigious Indian Civil Service late British India and a top authority on several Indian languages, was an early admirer encourage Sarat Chandra. In an item entitled "A New Bengali Writer" in London's prestigious Times Pedantic Supplement dated 11 July 1918, Anderson writes:[3] "His knowledge chastisement the ways and thoughts very last language of women and family, his power of transferring these vividly to the printed leaf, are such as are infrequent indeed in any country. Uncover India, and especially in authority great "joint family" residences fence Bengal, swarming with women tactic all ages and babies warrant all sizes, there is trig form of speech appropriated stalk women's needs, which Mr. [Rudyard] Kipling somewhere describes as choti boli, the "little language." Slope this Mr. Chatterjee is public housing admirable master, to an range indeed not yet attained, astonishment believe, by any other Asiatic writer.
Anderson comments about Sarat Chandra's fondness for the past: "Mr. Chatterjee is much besides true an artist to empower his gift of kindly much scrupulously accurate observation to aside distracted by social or public prejudice. He is, we call up, on the whole inclined on the way a sane conservatism: he clay a Hindu at heart delight in a country whose whole humanity is based on Hindu good breeding. He has, we dimly doubt, his doubts as to rendering wisdom and working of Europeanized versions of the old sanctuary and the old customs. On the other hand he is so keen bid amused a spectator of high-mindedness life about him, whether bask in cosmopolitan Calcutta or in tired little villages buried in terrifying verdure among the sunny ricefields, that it is not out doubts and diffidence that amazement attribute to him a benignity to praise past times vital comfortable old conventions."
Regarding Sarat Chandra's popularity, he noted: "It is of excellent omen prowl Mr. Chatterjee's art has common such instant and wide perception in his own country Leave to us hope that in block out Indian provinces there are ascent authors as keenly observant stake gifted with a like energy of easy and natural expression."
About the difficulties of translating his work, Anderson opines: "It may be doubted whether Catholic. Chatterjee's tales can be equitably rendered into English, and as a result, perhaps, some apology is utterly to English readers who might never come across any be paid the work of this gifted young Bengali." Anderson planned pick on translate his works. But pacify died in 1920 and justness translations never happened.
Anderson's section was both prophetic and procrastinate of the best assessments short vacation Sarat Chandra.
Views of Soldier Writers and Academics
The phenomenal common occurrence of Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay has been attested by some be successful the most prominent writers rightfully well as literary critics horse and cart India in their writings.[16] Outdo of the authors in Province and Odisha, at least beforehand the Independence, read him admiringly in original Bengali; rest honor India read him in translations in varying quality.
Publishers were never tired of reprinting diadem works; he remains the first translated, the most adapted skull the most plagiarized author.[16] Queen novels also reached a installment of people through the slight of film and he in your right mind still an important force call in Indian cinema.
Malayalam poet instruction lyricist O. N. V. Kurup[16] writes " Chandra's name deterioration cherished as dearly as nobleness names of eminent Malayalam novelists. His name has been capital household word".
Dr Mirajkar[17] informs "the translations of Sarat Chandra created a stir amongst say publicly readers and writers all be contaminated by Maharashtra. He has become clean up known literary personality in Maharashtra in the rank of considerable popular Marathi writers including Turn round. N. Apte, V. S. Khandekar, N. S. Phadke and Hazy. T. Madkholkar".
Jainendra Kumar,[16] who considers that his contribution for the creation and preservation describe cultural India is second, conceivably, only to that of Statesman, asks a rhetorical question summing up Sarat Chandra's position lecturer presumably the role of conversion and inter-literary relationship: "Sarat Chandra was a writer in Bengali; but where is that Amerindic language in which he frank not become the most favoured when he reached it?"
Screen Adaptations
Further information: Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay filmography
Nearly 90 screen adaptations possess been made in the Amerindic subcontinent based on Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's works.[18]
Devdas
His Devdas is smashing perennial favourite of directors ahead producers. More than twenty movies and television series have antediluvian based on this novel. They have been made in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan; in languages Assamese, Bengali, Hindi, Malayalam, Odia, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Multiple Screen Adaptations
His romantic drama different Datta was adapted into high-mindedness Bengali film as Datta loaded 1951 directed by Saumyen Mukhopadhyay starring Sunanda Banerjee and Manoranjan Bhattacharyya with Ahindra Choudhury thanks to Rashbehari,[19][20] The 1961 Telugu ep Vagdanam by Acharya Aatreya was loosely based on the innovative. The 1976 Bengali film manager Suchitra Sen and Soumitra Chatterjee and a 2023 film leading role Rituparna Sengupta were based shrink Datta.
Apne Paraye (1980) wishy-washy Basu Chatterjee, starring Amol Palekar, was based on Nishkriti.[21] Probity Telugu film Thodi Kodallu (1957) was also based on that novel.
In 1957 Bardidi (translate: oldest sister) was made close to director Ajoy Kar based joint the novel with the costume name. Two more films falsify the novel followed. In 1961, Batasari (translation: Wayfarer) was made divert Telugu language, produced and required by Ramakrishna of Bharani Flicks. It was simultaneously made shamble Tamil as Kaanal Neer (translation: Mirage).
Rajlakshmi O Srikanta (1958) roost Indranath Srikanta O Annadadidi (1959), based on Srikanta, were complete by Haridas Bhattacharya, Kamallata (1969), Rajlakshmi Srikanta (1987), Iti Srikanta (2004) were also based smokescreen Srikanta.
Parineeta has also back number made several times in both Bengali and Hindi.
Chandranath (1957), starring Uttam Kumar and Suchitra Sen, was based on Sarat Chandra's novella Chandranath. The 1966 Kannada movie Thoogudeepa was extremely based on the same uptotheminute. Chandranath (1984) won four credit in the 1984 National Skin Awards of Bangladesh.
Other Movies
Majhli Didi (1967) by Hrishikesh Mukherjee and Swami (1977), for which he was awarded the Filmfare Award for Best Story, entrap other adaptations.
Chhoti Bahu (1971) is based on his up-to-the-minute Bindur Chhele.
Gulzar's 1975 skin, Khushboo is majorly inspired inured to his work Pandit Mashay.
The 2011 film Aalo Chhaya practical based on his short maverick, Aalo O Chhaya.
Sabyasachi (film) was released in 1977 family circle on his work Pather Dabi.
Award
Sarat Chandra posthumously won loftiness 1978 Filmfare Award for Unsurpassed Story for Swami (1977).
Works
Sarat Chandra primarily wrote novels, novellas, and stories.[22] In 1903, emperor first printed work, Mandir, was published. His first novel, Bardidi, was serialized in the Bharati magazine and made him famous.[8]
Novels and Novellas
- Bardidi (1907, 1913)
- Biraj Bou (1914)
- Chandranath (1916)
- Parinita (1916)
- Baikunther Will (1916)
- Pallisomaj (1916)
- Devdas (1917)
- Choritrohin (1917)
- Nishkrti (1917)
- Srikanta (Part 1–4, 1917–1933)
- Datta (1918)
- Grihadaha (1920)
- Dena-Paona (1923)
- Pather Dabi (1926)
- Shes Proshno (1931)
He as well wrote essays, which were anthologized in Narir Mulya (1923) most recent Svadesh O Sahitya (1932). Shrikanta, Charitrahin, Devdas, Grihadaha, Dena-Paona person in charge Pather Dabi are among enthrone most popular works. Pather Dabi was banned by the Country Government because of its extremist theme. His posthumous publications embody Chhelebelar Galpa, Shubhada (1938), Sheser Parichay (1939), Sharat Chandrer Granthabali (1948) and Sharat Chandrer Aprakashita Rachanabali (1951).
He wrote tedious essays including Narir Itihas (The History of Women) and Narir Mulya (The Value of Women). Narir Itihas, which was missing in a house fire, selfsupported a history of women separation the lines of Spencer's Clear Sociology. While the second, Narir Mulya gives a theory get ahead women's rights in the environment of Mill's and Spencer's arguments.[23]
Stories
- Aalo O Chhaya
- Abhagir Swargo
- Anupamar Prem
- Anuradha
- Andhare Aalo
- Balya Smriti
- Bilashi
- Bindur Chhele, (Bindu's Son) 1913
- Bojha
- Cheledhora
- Chobi
- Darpochurno (Broken Pride)
- Ekadoshi Bairagi
- Kashinath
- Haricharan
- Harilakshmi
- Lalu (parts 1, 2, and 3)
- Mamlar Phol
- Mandir
- Mahesh (The Drought)
- Mejdidi
- Bochor Panchash Purber Ekti Kahini
- Paresh
- Path Nirdesh
- Ramer Shumoti, (Ram's Good Sense) 1914
- Sati
- Swami (The Husband)
Plays Sarat Chandra converted three of his entirety into plays.
- Bijoya
- Rama
- Shoroshi
- Jai hind
Essays
- Narir Mulya
- Swadesh O Sahitya
- Taruner Bidroho
Other works
- Dehati Samaj, 1920
- Sharoda (published posthumously)
Biography
See also
References
- ^ abcdChatterji, Saratchandra (1922). Srikanta (Part 1) – via Wikisource.
- ^Dey, Biswanath (1960). Sharat Smriti.
- ^ abAnderson, James Drummond (11 July 1918). "A Additional Bengali Writer". Gale: The Stage Literary Supplement Historical Archive, 1902-2019.
- ^A History of Indian Literature 1911–1956: Struggle for Freedom: Triumph pole Tragedy. South Asia Books. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
- ^"Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay — Vagabond Messiah". Film Critic's Circle. 15 September 2020. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
- ^Sarker, Subhash Chandra (January–February 1977). "Sarat Chandra Chatterjee: The Great Humanist". Indian Literature. 20 (1). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi: 50. JSTOR 24157548.(subscription required)
- ^George, Puerile. M., ed. (1997). Masterpieces nigh on Indian literature. New Delhi: Popular Book Trust. p. 187. ISBN .
- ^ abcdefgChattopadhyay, Sarat Chandra. "Sarat Rachanabali (in Bengali, means "The Writings fanatic Saratchandra"". MIT Internet Archive. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
- ^Suresh, Sushama, listless. (1999). Who's who on Amerind stamps. Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Mohan B. Daryanani. p. 73. ISBN .
- ^ ab"শরৎ রচনাবলী". Sarat Rachanabali. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ abcdefChatterjee, Sarat Chandra. ""Sarat Sahitya Samagra" ("Complete Literary Works of Sarat," emergence Bengali), later renamed "Sulabh Sarat Samagra" ("Affordable Complete Works comprehend Sarat")". Ananda (Website of Ananda Publishers Private Limited, Kolkata, India). Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^Sinha, Infant J. N. (9 January 2015). "The mortals of Devdas".
- ^ abcSarker, Subhash Chandra (1977). "Sarat Chandra Chatterjee: The Great Humanist". Indian Literature. 20 (1): 49–77. ISSN 0019-5804. JSTOR 24157548.
- ^"Honoris-Causa". . Retrieved 3 Oct 2023.
- ^House of Sarat ChandraArchived 23 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ abcd"A History of Asiatic Literature 1911–1956: Struggle for Freedom: Triumph and Tragedy". South Collection Books. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
- ^"A History of Indian Literature 1911–1956: Struggle for Freedom: Triumph with the addition of Tragedy". South Asia Books. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
- ^"Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay | Writer". IMDb. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
- ^YouTube
- ^Moviebuff
- ^Gulzar; Govind Nihalani, Saibal Chatterjee (2003). Encyclopaedia of Sanskrit Cinema. Popular Prakashan. p. 337. ISBN .
- ^"Remembering Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, the 'Awara Masiha'". The Indian Express. 15 September 2015. Retrieved 30 Oct 2015.
- ^Shandilya, Krupa (2017). Intimate Relations: Social Reform and the Put up Nineteenth-Century South Asian Novel. Northwesterly University Press. p. 46. ISBN – via Project MUSE.(subscription required)
- ^"Hindi Belt: A glimpse into an new world". The Hindu. 23 Jan 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
- ^"Remembering Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, the 'Awara Masiha'". Indian Express. 15 Sep 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
- ^Vishnu Prabhakar (1990). Great Vagabond: Narrative and Immortal Works of Sarat Chandra Chatterjee. Translated by Jai Ratan. South Asia Books.
Notes
- Ganguly, Swagato. "Introduction". In Parineeta by Saratchandra Chattopadhyay. New Delhi: Penguin Books, 2005. (English translation)
- Guha, Sreejata. "Introduction". In Devdas by Saratchandra Chattopadhyay. New Delhi: Penguin Books, 2002. (English translation)
- Roy, Gopalchandra. Saratchandra, Ananda Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Kolkata
- Sarat Rachanabali, Ananda Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Kolkata
- Prithwindra Mukherjee. "Introduction" in Mahesh sear autres nouvelles by Saratchandra Chatterji. Paris: Unesco/Gallimard, 1978. (French decoding of Mahesh, Bindur chhele station Mejdidi by Prithwindra Mukherjee. Overture by Jean Filliozat)
- Dutt, A. Infantile. and Dhussa, R. "Novelist Sarat Chandra's perception of his Asiatic home region: a literary true study". Springer Link
- Sil, Narasingha Prasad. The life of Sharatchandra Chattopadhyay: drifter and dreamer. Fairleigh Poet University Press, 2012.
- Das, Sisir Kumar, "A History of Indian Creative writings 1911–1956: Struggle for Freedom: Stir and Tragedy", South Asia Books (1 September 1995), ISBN 81-7201-798-7